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bhut jolokia
The bhut jolokia ((アッサム語:ভোট-জলকীয়া)), also known as bih jolokia, u-morok, ghost pepper, red naga, Naga Jolokia, and ghost chili, is an interspecific hybrid chili pepper cultivated in the Indian states of Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Nagaland and Manipur. It is an interspecies hybrid of ''C. chinense'' and ''C. frutescens'' genes.
In 2007, ''Guinness World Records'' certified that the ghost pepper was the world's hottest chili pepper, 400 times hotter than Tabasco sauce. The ghost chili is rated at more than 1 million Scoville heat units (SHUs). However, the ghost chili was shortly superseded by the Infinity chili in 2011, followed by the Naga Viper, the Trinidad moruga scorpion in 2012, and the Carolina Reaper on August 7, 2013.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Hottest Chili )〕
==Etymology==
The chili is referred to differently in different regions. In Assam, it is widely known as ''bhot jolokia'' (ভোট জলকীয়া) or ''bih jolokia''. In some parts of Assam, this chili is called ''noga jolokia'', believed to be named after the ferocious Naga warriors inhabiting the plains and hills of Nagaland.〔 Further complicating matters, a 2009 paper coined the English term "Naga king chili" which refers to the chili's large pod size. This is probably because the chili has long been colloquially known as ''Raja mircha'' or ''Raja mirchi'' in Nagaland. It also stated that the most common Indian (Assamese) usage is ''bhot jolokia'' and gives the alternate common name as ''bih jolokia'' (''bih'' means "poison" in Assamese, denoting the plant's heat). The Assamese word ''jolokia'' simply means the ''Capsicum'' pepper. Other usages on the subcontinent are ''saga jlokia'', Indian mystery chili, and Indian rough chili (after the chili's rough skin).〔 It has also been called the Tezpur chili after the Assamese city of Tezpur. In Manipur, the chili is called ''umorok'' or ''oo-morok'' (''oo'' = "tree", ''morok'' = "chili"). The Kukis called it "Malcha-Phoh" meaning 'the Pungent most chilli'.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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